Eduardo De Filippo, noto anche più semplicemente come Eduardo (Napoli, 24 maggio 1900 – Roma, 31 ottobre 1984), è stato un attore, regista, sceneggiatore, drammaturgo, scrittore e poeta italiano.
Considerato uno dei più importanti artisti italiani del Novecento, è stato autore di numerose opere teatrali da lui stesso messe in scena e interpretate e, in seguito, tradotte e rappresentate da altri anche all’estero. Autore prolifico, lavorò anche nel cinema con gli stessi ruoli ricoperti nell’attività teatrale. Per i suoi meriti artistici e i contributi alla cultura, nel 1981, fu nominato senatore a vita dal Presidente della repubblica Sandro Pertini e gli furono conferite due lauree honoris causa in Lettere dall’Università di Birmingham nel 1977 e dall’Università degli Studi di Roma La “Sapienza” nel 1980. Fu anche candidato per il Premio Nobel per la letteratura. Eduardo resta ancora oggi, assieme a Luigi Pirandello, Dario Fo e Carlo Goldoni, uno degli autori italiani più apprezzati e rappresentati all’estero
Eduardo De Filippo (24 May 1900 – 31 October 1984), also known simply as Eduardo was an Italian actor, playwright, screenwriter, author and poet, best known for his Neapolitan works Filumena Marturano and Napoli Milionaria. Considered as one of the most important italian artists of 20th century was author of many theatrical dramas put on play and directed by himself first and later awarded and played outside Italy. For his artistic merits and contribution to the culture was nominee senatore a vita by Italian Presidente della Repubblica Sandro Pertini.
-Giorgio de Chirico (Volo, 10 luglio 1888 – Roma, 20 novembre 1978) è stato un pittore e scrittore italiano, principale esponente della corrente artistica della pittura metafisica.
-Giorgio de Chirico (Italian: [ˈdʒordʒo deˈkiːriko]; 10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian artist and writer. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. After 1919, he became interested in traditional painting techniques, and worked in a neoclassical or neo-Baroque style, while frequently revisiting the metaphysical themes of his earlier work.
Sante Monachesi (Macerata, 10 gennaio 1910 – Roma, 28 febbraio 1991) è stato un artista, pittore e scultore italiano, fondatore nel 1932 del “Movimento Futurista nelle Marche”.
Sante Monachesi (1910-1991), was an Italian painter belonging to the modern movement of the Scuola romana (Roman School) and founder in 1932 of the Movimento Futurista nelle Marche (Futurist Movement of Marche)
Ermanno Olmi (Bergamo, 24 luglio 1931 – Asiago, 5 maggio 2018) è stato un regista, sceneggiatore e scrittore italiano.
Nel 1959 Olmi debutta sul grande schermo con il lungometraggio Il tempo si è fermato, storia imperniata sull’amicizia fra uno studente e il guardiano di una diga e ambientato nell’isolamento e nella solitudine dell’alta montagna. Già in questo esordio si evidenziano i temi tipici della sua attività cinematografica e dispiegati nella fase del regista maturo, fedele alla propria cifra stilistica. Profondamente legato alle proprie origini rurali e modeste, privilegia i sentimenti delle persone semplici, il rapporto con la natura, e spesso offre uno sguardo sulla solitudine e sulle sue conseguenze, da qui la scelta di lavorare con attori non professionisti.
Due anni dopo grazie a Il posto (prodotto dalla casa di produzione 22 dicembre, fondata dallo stesso Olmi con un gruppo di amici) ottiene ottime recensioni da parte della critica. Il film ruota intorno alle aspirazioni di due giovani alle prese con il loro primo impiego. La pellicola si aggiudica il premio della critica alla Mostra del cinema di Venezia del 1961. Nel successivo film, I fidanzati (1963) si ritrovano ancora l’attenzione al quotidiano, alle cose semplici della vita, alle vicende del mondo operaio; il tutto intessuto da una vena intimista. Gira in seguito E venne un uomo (1965); un’attenta e partecipe biografia di papa Giovanni XXIII, nella quale non si lascia trascinare da scontati agiografismi.
Ermanno Olmi (24 July 1931 – 5 May 2018) was an Italian film director and screenwriter.
Olmi was born in Bergamo, Lombardy. He was married to Loredana Detto, who played Antonietta Masetti in Il Posto.
Olmi’s films fit into the artistic mold of Italian neorealism, though Olmi would have argued (and did argue, in an interview found on the Criterion Edition DVD of his 1961 film, Il Posto) that this was the artistic tradition he was responding against because, he claimed, he used non-actors in authentic locations whereas neorealism used professional actors. However, many neorealist directors also used non-professional actors for secondary and sometimes even primary roles. His films, like most of those considered to be products of the neorealist movement, are shot in long, slow takes, and generally contain some sort of social commentary, though rarely do the neorealists wear their political opinions on their sleeves. Another film was I fidanzati.
Perhaps his best known film is The Tree of Wooden Clogs (L’Albero degli zoccoli), which was awarded the Palme d’Or at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival. In 1983 his film Walking, Walking was screened out of competition at Cannes. In 1988, his La leggenda del santo bevitore (The Legend of the Holy Drinker), based on the novella by Joseph Roth and starring Rutger Hauer, won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival as well as a David di Donatello award.
His The Profession of Arms(Il mestiere delle armi) also won a David di Donatello award.
Milva, pseudonimo di Maria Ilva Biolcati(Goro, 17 luglio 1939), è una cantante e attrice teatrale italiana.
È una delle più importanti personalità italiane del panorama musicale, teatrale e artistico a livello internazionale. Popolare in Italia e all’estero, ha trionfato sui palcoscenici di gran parte del globo, ottenendo particolari consensi, oltre che in Italia, soprattutto in Germania, dove ha partecipato in molte occasioni a spettacoli musicali sui principali canali televisivi.
Ha pubblicato con successo dischi anche in Francia, Giappone (26ª tournée nel 2008), Corea del Sud, Grecia, Spagna e Sudamerica. La sua statura artistica è stata ufficialmente riconosciuta dalle repubbliche italiana, francese e tedesca, che le hanno conferito alcune tra le più alte onorificenze; è infatti l’unica artista italiana ad essere contemporaneamente: Ufficiale dell’Ordre des arts et des lettres (Parigi, 1995); Ufficiale dell’Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Federale di Germania (Berlino, 2006); Commendatore dell’Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana (Roma, 2 giugno 2007); Cavaliere della Legion d’onore della Repubblica Francese (Parigi, 2009).
Soprannominata “la Pantera di Goro”, faceva parte del terzetto delle grandi voci femminili degli anni sessanta e settanta, con Mina, “la tigre di Cremona”, e Iva Zanicchi, “l’aquila di Ligonchio”.
Per il colore dei suoi capelli è anche nota come “La Rossa” (che è anche il titolo di una famosa canzone scritta per lei da Enzo Jannacci, al quale dedicò l’omonimo album La Rossa nel 1980). Il colore caratterizza anche la sua fede politica di sinistra, rivendicata in numerose esternazioni
Maria Ilva Biolcati, OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [maˈriːa ˈilva bjolˈkaːti]; born 17 July 1939), known as Milva[ˈmilva], is an Italian singer, stage and film actress, and television personality. She is also known as La Rossa (Italian for “The Redhead”), due to the characteristic colour of her hair, and additionally as La Pantera di Goro (“The Panther of Goro”), which stems from the Italian press having nicknamed the three most popular Italian female singers of the 1960s, combining the names of animals and the singers’ birth places. The color also characterizes her leftist political beliefs, claimed in numerous statements. Popular in Italy and abroad, she has performed on musical and theatrical stages the world over, and has received popular acclaim in her native Italy, and particularly in Germany where she has often participated in musical events and televised musical programmes. She has also released numerous albums in France, Japan, Korea, Greece, Spain and South America.
She has collaborated with European composers and musicians such as Ennio Morricone in 1965, Francis Lai in 1973, Mikis Theodorakis in 1978 (Was ich denke became a best selling album in Germany), Enzo Jannacci in 1980, Vangelis in 1981 and 1986, Franco Battiato in 1982 and 1986.
Her stage productions of Bertolt Brecht’s recitals and Luciano Berio’s operas have toured the world’s theatres. She has performed at La Scala in Milan, at the Deutsche Oper in Berlin, at the Paris Opera, in the Royal Albert Hall in London, and at the Edinburgh Festival, amongst others.
Having received success both in Italy and internationally, she remains to this day one of the most popular Italian personalities in the fields of music and theatre. Her artistic stature has been officially recognised by the Italian, German and French republics, each of which have bestowed her with the highest honours. She is the only Italian artist in contemporary times, in fact, who is simultaneously: Chevalier of the National Order of the Legion of Honour of the French Republic (Paris, 11 September 2009), Commander of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Rome, 2 June 2007), Officer of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (Berlin, 2006) and Officier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Paris, 1995).
Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin, KBE (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film. Chaplin became a worldwide icon through his screen persona “the Tramp” and is considered one of the most important figures in the history of the film industry. His career spanned more than 75 years, from childhood in the Victorian era until a year before his death in 1977, and encompassed both adulation and controversy.
Carlo Dalmazio Carrà (Quargnento, 11 febbraio 1881 – Milano, 13 aprile 1966) è stato un pittore italiano che aderì al futurismo e poi alla corrente metafisica. Erede della tradizione ottocentesca prende parte a tutte le vicende del rinnovamento artistico dell’epoca nuova, dal Futurismo alla metafisica, dal Novecento, ai Valori Plastici.
Carlo Carrà[ˈkarlo karˈra] (February 11, 1881 – April 13, 1966) was an Italian painter and a leading figure of the Futurist movement that flourished in Italy during the beginning of the 20th century. In addition to his many paintings, he wrote a number of books concerning art. He taught for many years in the city of Milan.
Carlo Carrà (prononcé : [ˈkarlo karˈra]), né le à Quargnento près d’Alexandrie en Italie, mort le à Milan, est un peintre italien, cofondateur du futurisme.
Proche des libertaires dans sa jeunesse, il terminera aux côtés des ultra-nationalistes lors de la montée du fascisme mussolinien.
– Anna Magnani (Roma, 7 marzo 1908 – Roma, 26 settembre 1973) è stata un’attrice italiana.
Considerata una delle maggiori interpreti femminili della storia,attrice simbolo del cinema italiano, è altresì particolarmente conosciuta per essere stata, insieme ad Alberto Sordi e Aldo Fabrizi, una delle figure preminenti della romanità cinematografica del XX secolo. Celebri le sue interpretazioni, soprattutto in film come Roma città aperta, Bellissima, Mamma Roma e La rosa tatuata. Quest’ultimo le valse un Oscar alla miglior attrice protagonista. La Magnani ha inoltre vinto due David di Donatello, cinque Nastri d’Argento, un Globo d’Oro, un Golden Globe, un BAFTA, due National Board of Review, un New York Film Critics Circle Award, una Coppa Volpi a Venezia e un Orso d’Argento a Berlino.
– Anna Magnani (Italian pronunciation: [ˈanna maɲˈɲaːni]; 7 March 1908 – 26 September 1973) was an Italian stage and film actress. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress, along with four other international awards, for her portrayal of a Sicilian widow in The Rose Tattoo.
Born in Rome,[2] she worked her way through Rome’s Academy of Dramatic Art by singing at night clubs. During her career, her only child was stricken by polio when he was 18 months old and remained crippled.
She was referred to as “La Lupa,” the “perennial toast of Rome” and a “living she-wolf symbol” of the cinema. Time magazine described her personality as “fiery”, and drama critic Harold Clurman said her acting was “volcanic”. In the realm of Italian cinema she was “passionate, fearless, and exciting,” an actress that film historian Barry Monush calls “the volcanic earth mother of all Italian cinema.”[3] Director Roberto Rossellini called her “the greatest acting genius since Eleonora Duse”.Playwright Tennessee Williams became an admirer of her acting and wrote The Rose Tattoo specifically for her to star in, a role for which she received an Oscar in 1955.
After meeting director Goffredo Alessandrini she received her first screen role in La cieca di Sorrento (The Blind Woman of Sorrento) (1934) and later achieved international fame in Rossellini’s Rome, Open City (1945), considered the first significant movie to launch the Italian neorealism movement in cinema.As an actress she became recognized for her dynamic and forceful portrayals of “earthy lower-class women” in such films as L’Amore (1948), Bellissima (1951), The Rose Tattoo (1955), The Fugitive Kind (1960) and Mamma Roma (1962). As early as 1950 Life magazine had already stated that Magnani was “one of the most impressive actresses since Garbo”.
– Anna Magnani, née le à Rome (région du Latium, Italie) et morte le dans la même ville, est une actrice italienne.
-Yves Henri Donat Mathieu Saint Laurent/iv ɑ̃’ʁi dɔ’na ma’tjø sɛ̃ lo’ʁɑ̃/ (Orano, 1º agosto 1936 – Parigi, 1º giugno 2008) è stato uno stilista francese, tra i più famosi e conosciuti creatori di moda del XX secolo.
-Yves Mathieu-Saint-Laurent, dit Yves Saint Laurent, né le à Oran en Algérieet mort le à Paris en France, est un grand couturier français, l’un des plus célèbres au monde et dont les collections de haute couture font partie de l’histoire du XXe siècle.
– Yves Henri Donat Mathieu-Saint-Laurent (French: [iv sɛ̃ lɔʁɑ̃]; 1 August 1936 – 1 June 2008),professionally known as Yves Saint-Laurent, was a French fashion designer who, in 1961, founded his eponymous fashion label. He is regarded as being among the foremost fashion designers in the twentieth century. In 1985, Caroline Rennolds Milbank wrote, “The most consistently celebrated and influential designer of the past twenty-five years, Yves Saint Laurent can be credited with both spurring the couture’s rise from its 1960s ashes and with finally rendering ready-to-wear reputable.” He was able to adapt his style to accommodate the changes in fashion during that period. He approached fashion in a different perspective by wanting women to look comfortable yet elegant at the same time. He is also credited with having introduced the tuxedo suit for women and was known for his use of non-European cultural references, and non-white models.
Lo spartiacque nella carriera di Hitchcock è rappresentato dal suo trasferimento da Londra a Hollywood, avvenuto nel 1940. In base a questa data, gli studiosi suddividono la sua produzione in due grandi periodi:
il periodo britannico, che va dal 1925 al 1940, durante il quale ha diretto ventitré film, di cui nove muti;
il periodo americano, che va dal 1940 al 1976, durante il quale ha diretto trenta film, fra i quali si annoverano i più conosciuti.
Sir Alfred Joseph HitchcockKBE (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English film director and producer, widely regarded as one of the most influential filmmakers in the history of cinema. He directed 53 feature films in a career spanning six decades, becoming as well-known as any of his actors thanks to his many interviews, his cameo roles in most of his films, and his hosting of Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1955–1965).
The “Hitchcockian” style includes the use of camera movement to mimic a person’s gaze, thereby turning viewers into voyeurs, and framing shots to maximise anxiety and fear. The film critic Robin Wood wrote that the meaning of a Hitchcock film “is there in the method, in the progression from shot to shot. A Hitchcock film is an organism, with the whole implied in every detail and every detail related to the whole.” By 1960 Hitchcock had directed four films often ranked among the greatest of all time: Rear Window (1954), Vertigo (1958), North by Northwest (1959), and Psycho (1960); in 2012 Vertigo replaced Orson Welles‘s Citizen Kane (1941) as the British Film Institute‘s best film ever made. By 2016 seven of his films had been selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry,including his personal favourite, Shadow of a Doubt (1943). He received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1979 and was knighted in December that year, four months before he died.
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