Lo spartiacque nella carriera di Hitchcock è rappresentato dal suo trasferimento da Londra a Hollywood, avvenuto nel 1940. In base a questa data, gli studiosi suddividono la sua produzione in due grandi periodi:
il periodo britannico, che va dal 1925 al 1940, durante il quale ha diretto ventitré film, di cui nove muti;
il periodo americano, che va dal 1940 al 1976, durante il quale ha diretto trenta film, fra i quali si annoverano i più conosciuti.
Sir Alfred Joseph HitchcockKBE (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English film director and producer, widely regarded as one of the most influential filmmakers in the history of cinema. He directed 53 feature films in a career spanning six decades, becoming as well-known as any of his actors thanks to his many interviews, his cameo roles in most of his films, and his hosting of Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1955–1965).
The “Hitchcockian” style includes the use of camera movement to mimic a person’s gaze, thereby turning viewers into voyeurs, and framing shots to maximise anxiety and fear. The film critic Robin Wood wrote that the meaning of a Hitchcock film “is there in the method, in the progression from shot to shot. A Hitchcock film is an organism, with the whole implied in every detail and every detail related to the whole.” By 1960 Hitchcock had directed four films often ranked among the greatest of all time: Rear Window (1954), Vertigo (1958), North by Northwest (1959), and Psycho (1960); in 2012 Vertigo replaced Orson Welles‘s Citizen Kane (1941) as the British Film Institute‘s best film ever made. By 2016 seven of his films had been selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry,including his personal favourite, Shadow of a Doubt (1943). He received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1979 and was knighted in December that year, four months before he died.
Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (Londra, 13 agosto 1899 – Los Angeles, 29 aprile 1980) è stato un regista e produttore cinematografico britannico naturalizzato statunitense[1]. È considerato una delle personalità più importanti della storia del cinema.
Lo spartiacque nella carriera di Hitchcock è rappresentato dal suo trasferimento da Londra a Hollywood, avvenuto nel 1940. In base a questa data, gli studiosi suddividono la sua produzione in due grandi periodi:
il periodo inglese, che va dal 1925 al 1940, durante il quale ha diretto ventitré film, di cui nove muti;
il periodo americano, che va dal 1940 al 1976, durante il quale ha diretto trenta film, fra i quali si annoverano i più conosciuti.
L’ultimo film è Complotto di famiglia diretto nel 1976.
Il regista è conosciuto anche, grazie ai suoi capolavori thriller, come “maestro del brivido”.
Nel 2012 è uscito nelle sale cinematografiche Hitchcock, con protagonisti Anthony Hopkins, Helen Mirren, Scarlett Johansson e Jessica Biel, film biografico incentrato sul rapporto tra il regista e sua moglie Alma Reville durante la lavorazione del film Psyco.
Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock KBE (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English film director and producer, at times referred to as “The Master of Suspense”. He pioneered many elements of the suspense and psychological thriller genres. He had a successful career in British cinema with both silent films and early talkies and became renowned as England’s best director. Hitchcock moved to Hollywood in 1939, and became a US citizen in 1955.
With a career spanning more than half a century, Hitchcock fashioned for himself a recognisable directorial style. His stylistic trademarks include the use of camera movement that mimics a person’s gaze, forcing viewers to engage in a form of voyeurism. In addition, he framed shots to maximise anxiety, fear, or empathy, and used innovative forms of film editing. His work often features fugitives on the run alongside “icy blonde” female characters.
Hitchcock became a highly visible public figure through interviews, movie trailers, cameo appearances in his own films, and the ten years in which he hosted the television program Alfred Hitchcock Presents. In 1978, film critic John Russell Taylor described Hitchcock as “the most universally recognizable person in the world”, and “a straightforward middle-class Englishman who just happened to be an artistic genius”.
Hitchcock directed more than fifty feature films in a career spanning six decades and is often regarded as the greatest British filmmaker. He came first in a 2007 poll of film critics in Britain’s Daily Telegraph, which said: “Unquestionably the greatest filmmaker to emerge from these islands, Hitchcock did more than any director to shape modern cinema, which would be utterly different without him. His flair was for narrative, cruelly withholding crucial information (from his characters and from viewers) and engaging the emotions of the audience like no one else.”
Prior to 1980, there had long been talk of Hitchcock being knighted for his contribution to film. Critic Roger Ebert wrote: “Other British directors like Sir Carol Reed and Sir Charlie Chaplin were knighted years ago, while Hitchcock, universally considered by film students to be one of the greatest filmmakers of all time, was passed over”. Hitchcock later received his knighthood from Queen Elizabeth II in the 1980 New Year Honours.In 2002, the magazine MovieMaker named Hitchcock the most influential filmmaker of all time.
Kim Novak, nome d’arte di Marylin Pauline Novak (Chicago, 13 febbraio 1933), è un’attrice statunitense. Inizia la sua carriera come modella e, nel 1951, viene scelta per la campagna pubblicitaria di una marca di frigoriferi.
Trasferitasi a Los Angeles, viene scelta per una particina senza battute in La linea francese (1954), accanto a Jane Russell e Gilbert Roland; il film non riscuote un grande successo e il nome della Novak non compare neppure nei titoli di coda, ma i produttori hollywoodiani la notano ugualmente; dopo il rifiuto di Rita Hayworth, è chiamata a sostituirla in Criminale di turno (1954) di Richard Quine, accanto a Fred MacMurray, film in cui la Novak già dimostra la sua abilità nell’impersonare una scaltra seduttrice. È l’inizio della sua brillante carriera.
Durante tutti gli anni cinquanta, i produttori la contrappongono a Marilyn Monroe, di cui ha le forme, e a Grace Kelly, di cui possiede la grazia. Viene diretta da Otto Preminger nel dramma sociale L’uomo dal braccio d’oro (1955), a fianco di Frank Sinatra, mentre l’anno successivo è protagonista accanto a William Holden nel romantico Picnic (1956). Interpreta principalmente commedie, come i successi Una strega in paradiso (1958), in cui forma un affiatato terzetto con James Stewart e Jack Lemmon, e Pal Joey (1957), in cui dà prova di un notevole talento, tanto da non temere la concorrenza della co-protagonista Rita Hayworth.
La Novak ha 25 anni quando entra nel gotha del cinema grazie al capolavoro La donna che visse due volte (Vertigo) (1958) di Alfred Hitchcock, in cui interpreta efficacemente il doppio ruolo di Madeleine/Judy, in sostituzione di Vera Miles, che essendo incinta aveva rifiutato il film (ma che avrà poi un ruolo in Psyco).
Marilyn Pauline Novak, professionally known as Kim Novak (born February 13, 1933), is a retired American film and television actress.
She began her career in 1954 after signing with Columbia Pictures. There, she became a successful actress, starring in a string of movies, among them the critically acclaimed Picnic (1955). She later starred in such popular successes as The Man with the Golden Arm (1955) and Pal Joey (1957). However, she is perhaps best known today for her “dual role” as both Judy Barton and Madeleine Elster in Alfred Hitchcock’s classic thriller Vertigo (1958). Novak was popular in box office popularity polls, and she starred opposite several top leading men of the era, including James Stewart, William Holden, Frank Sinatra, Tyrone Power, and Kirk Douglas.
Although still young, her career declined in the early 1960s, and after several years in a series of lackluster films, she withdrew from acting in 1966. She has only sporadically returned since. She later returned to the screen in The Mirror Crack’d (1980), and had a regular role on the prime time series Falcon Crest (1986–87). After a disappointing experience during the filming of Liebestraum (1991), she has permanently retired from acting, stating she has no desire to return.
Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (Londra, 13 agosto 1899 – Los Angeles, 29 aprile 1980) è stato un regista e produttore cinematografico britannico naturalizzato statunitense. È considerato una delle personalità più importanti della storia del cinema.
Lo spartiacque nella carriera di Hitchcock è rappresentato dal suo trasferimento da Londra a Hollywood, avvenuto nel 1940. In base a questa data, gli studiosi suddividono la sua produzione in due grandi periodi:
il periodo inglese, che va dal 1925 al 1940, durante il quale ha diretto ventitré film, di cui nove muti;
il periodo americano, che va dal 1940 al 1976, durante il quale ha diretto trenta film, fra i quali si annoverano i più conosciuti.
L’ultimo film è Complotto di famiglia diretto nel 1976.
Il regista è conosciuto anche, grazie ai suoi capolavori thriller, come “maestro del brivido”.
Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English film director and producer, often nicknamed “The Master of Suspense”. He pioneered many elements of the suspense and psychological thriller genres. He had a successful career in British cinema with both silent films and early talkies, and became renowned as England’s best director. Hitchcock moved to Hollywood in 1939 and became a US citizen in 1955.
Over a career spanning half a century, Hitchcock fashioned for himself a recognisable directorial style. His stylistic trademarks include the use of camera movement that mimics a person’s gaze, forcing viewers to engage in a form of voyeurism. In addition, he framed shots to maximise anxiety, fear, or empathy, and used innovative forms of film editing. His work often features fugitives on the run alongside “icy blonde” female characters.Many of Hitchcock’s films have twist endings and thrilling plots featuring depictions of murder and other violence. Many of the mysteries, however, are used as decoys or “MacGuffins” that serve the films’ themes and the psychological examinations of their characters. Hitchcock’s films also borrow many themes from psychoanalysis and sometimes feature strong sexual overtones. He became a highly visible public figure through interviews, movie trailers, cameo appearances in his own films, and the ten years in which he hosted the television program Alfred Hitchcock Presents.
Hitchcock directed more than fifty feature films in a career spanning six decades and is often regarded as the greatest British filmmaker.He came first in a 2007 poll of film critics in Britain’s Daily Telegraph, which said: “Unquestionably the greatest filmmaker to emerge from these islands, Hitchcock did more than any director to shape modern cinema, which would be utterly different without him. His flair was for narrative, cruelly withholding crucial information (from his characters and from viewers) and engaging the emotions of the audience like no one else.”In 2002, the magazine MovieMaker named Hitchcock the most influential filmmaker of all time.
Alfred Joseph Hitchcock est un réalisateur britannique, également producteur et scénariste de cinéma, né le 13 août 1899 à Leytonstone et mort le 29 avril 1980 à Bel Air à Los Angeles.
Après une carrière à succès au Royaume-Uni son pays natal à l’époque du cinéma muet et au début du cinéma sonore, Hitchcock part s’installer à Hollywood. Le 20 avril 1955, il acquiert la citoyenneté américain, mais il conservera sa citoyenneté britannique, qui lui permettra, au soir de sa vie, d’être anobli par la Reine.
Au cours de ses quelque soixante années de carrière, il réalise cinquante-trois longs métrages, dont certains comptent, tant par leur succès public que par leur réception et leur postérité critiques, parmi les plus importants du septième art : ce sont, entre autres, Les 39 Marches, Les Enchaînés, Fenêtre sur cour, Sueurs froides, La Mort aux trousses, Psychose, ou encore Les Oiseaux.
Pionnier de nombreuses techniques dans le genre du thriller, Hitchcock, « le maître du suspense », est considéré comme l’un des réalisateurs les plus influents sur le plan stylistique, installant les notions de suspense et de MacGuffin dans l’univers cinématographique. Ses thrillers se caractérisent également, le plus souvent, par une habile combinaison entre tension et humour. Ses thèmes récurrents sont la peur, la culpabilité et la perte d’identité. Un thème que l’on rencontre aussi fréquemment dans ses œuvres, avec certaines variations, est celui de l’innocent persécuté.
Doué par ailleurs d’un sens aigu de l’autopromotion — notamment au travers de ses caméos — , Hitchcock demeure aujourd’hui l’une des personnalités du XXe siècle les plus reconnaissables et les plus connues, à travers le monde.
Souvent considéré comme l’un des plus grands réalisateurs britanniques, il tient la première place sur une liste dressée en 2007 par des critiques cinématographiques pour le Daily Telegraph, avec le commentaire : « Sans aucun doute le plus grand cinéaste à émerger de ces îles, Hitchcock a fait davantage qu’aucun autre réalisateur pour façonner le cinéma moderne, lequel sans lui serait tout à fait différent. Il possédait un flair pour la narration, en dissimulant avec cruauté (à ses personnages et au spectateur) des informations cruciales et en engageant comme nul autre les émotions du publi. ».
Alfred Hitchcock était Knight Commander (chevalier commandeur) de l’Ordre de l’Empire britannique.
Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (Leytonstone, Londres, 13 de agosto de 1899-Bel Air, Los Ángeles, 29 de abril de 1980) fue un director de cine y productor británico. Fue pionero en muchas de las técnicas que caracterizan a los géneros cinematográficos del suspense y el thriller psicológico. Tras una exitosa carrera en el cine británico en películas mudas y en las primeras sonoras, que le llevó a ser considerado el mejor director de Inglaterra, Hitchcock se trasladó a Hollywood en 1939.
A lo largo de una carrera que duró más de medio siglo, Hitchcock configuró un estilo cinematográfico distintivo y muy reconocible. Fue innovador en el uso de la cámara para imitar la mirada de una persona, obligando de esta manera a los espectadores a participar de cierta forma de voyeurismo, empleaba encuadres para provocar ansiedad, miedo o empatía y desarrolló una novedosa forma de montaje fílmico. Sus historias a menudo están protagonizadas por fugitivos de la ley y sus actrices protagonistas suelen ser de pelo rubio. Muchos de sus filmes presentan giros argumentales en el desenlace y tramas perturbadoras que se mueven en torno a la violencia, los asesinatos y el crimen. Con frecuencia, los misterios que articulan las tramas no son más que señuelos (Macguffin, como los llamó el propio director) que sirven para hacer avanzar la historia pero no tienen mayor importancia en el argumento. Las películas de Hitchcock también abordan a menudo temas del psicoanálisis y tienen marcadas connotaciones sexuales. Gracias a los cameos en muchos de sus filmes, las entrevistas, los avances publicitarios de sus películas y el programa de televisión Alfred Hitchcock Presenta, el cineasta se convirtió en un icono cultural.
Hitchcock dirigió más de cincuenta películas a lo largo de seis décadas. Reconocido a menudo como el mejor cineasta británico, apareció el primero de una encuesta realizada entre los críticos de cine en 2007 por el periódico The Daily Telegraph. El diario lo definió así: «Indudablemente el más grande cineasta nacido en estas islas, Hitchcock hizo más que cualquier otro director para dar forma al cine moderno, que habría sido completamente diferente sin él». La revista MovieMaker lo ha descrito como el director más influyente de todos los tiempos y es ampliamente considerado como uno de los artistas más importantes del séptimo arte.
nome d’arte di Archibald Alexander Leach (Bristol, 18 gennaio 1904 – Davenport, 29 novembre 1986), è stato un attore britannico naturalizzato statunitense.
Ian Fleming disse invece di essersi in parte ispirato a Grant nel delineare il personaggio dell’agente segreto James Bond
Inglese di nascita, ma trasferitosi negli Stati Uniti all’inizio degli anni venti, fu uno degli attori più brillanti e affascinanti di Hollywood, dotato di una naturale e raffinata eleganza, di una notevole prestanza fisica e di un sottile senso dell’ironia. Ha recitato in un centinaio di film, in prevalenza commedie brillanti, non disdegnando però ruoli in pellicole sentimentali, drammatiche e in alcuni celebri thriller di Alfred Hitchcock, il quale ebbe a dichiarare che Cary Grant fu l’unico attore nella sua carriera che avesse veramente amato.
L’American Film Institute lo ha inserito al secondo posto tra le più grandi star della storia del cinema
Cary Grant (born Archibald Alexander Leach; January 18, 1904 – November 29, 1986) was an English stage and Hollywood film actor who became an American citizen in 1942. Known for his transatlantic accent, debonair demeanor and “dashing good looks”, Grant is considered one of classic Hollywood’s definitive leading men.
Grant was named the second Greatest Male Star of All Time (after Humphrey Bogart) by the American Film Institute. He was known for comedic and dramatic roles; his best-known films include Bringing Up Baby (1938), The Philadelphia Story (1940), His Girl Friday (1940), Arsenic and Old Lace (1944), Notorious (1946), An Affair to Remember (1957), North by Northwest (1959), and Charade (1963).
Grant was continually passed over for film industry and critics awards; he was nominated twice for the Academy Award for Best Actor (Penny Serenade and None But the Lonely Heart) and five times for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor. In 1970, he was presented an Honorary Oscar at the 42nd Academy Awards by Frank Sinatra “for his unique mastery of the art of screen acting with the respect and affection of his colleagues”
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